中國人在口語表達(dá)的過程中,講究“字正腔圓、落地有聲”、“大珠小珠落玉盤”,所以中國人說話就像是數(shù)豆子一般,一顆一顆的往下落數(shù)的才清楚,但英語恰恰相反,它需要將一句話中的某些個重點詞匯給凸出來,其它的非重點詞匯弱化,下面小編就和大家分享影視英語口語連讀、略讀、斷句、重音、語調(diào)等發(fā)音規(guī)則,希望能夠幫助到大家,來欣賞一下吧。
影視英語口語連讀、略讀、斷句、重音、語調(diào)等發(fā)音規(guī)則!
1 連讀
發(fā)音規(guī)則一輔音+元音
一句話中相鄰的兩個單詞,前一個單詞以輔音結(jié)尾,后一個單詞以元音開始,拼讀成“輔音+元音”。
講解:你還記得漢語拼音中有些單詞xi'an(西安)、ku'ai(酷愛)嗎?如果去掉隔音符,就成了xian(先)、kuai(快)了。英文中幾乎所有的句子都是從頭拼到尾,簡單地說:連音就是兩個單詞相遇能拼讀就拼,不能拼讀就讓過。
例如:Take~it~easy
短語練習(xí)(大聲讀出來喔):
1.far~away It's not far~away from here.
2.in~an~hour I should be there in~an~hour.
3.later~on I'm going to see a movie later~on .
4.put~it~on Here's your sweater. Put~it~on.
5.stand~up Stand~up and stretch for a while.
6.take~care~of I'll always take care~of you .
7.take~it~easy Take~it~easy! Everything is going to be fine.
8.take~off Please fasten your seat belt. we will take~off shortly.
9.there~are There~are forty students in my class.
10、work~out I work~out every day to keep fit.
句子練習(xí):
1.come~on!cheer~up!
2.keep~it~up!
3.never give~up!
4.I mean~it.
5.I've got~a lot~of work to do.
6.May I have~a cup~of milk?
7.What do you think~of~it?
發(fā)音規(guī)則二元音+元音
一句話中相鄰的兩個單詞,前一個單詞以元音結(jié)尾,后一個單詞以元音開始,則在兩個元音之間加上一個輕微的 [j] 或 [w] 的音,拼讀成“元音+ [j] 或 [w] +元音”。
[i:]或[e?]結(jié)尾的元音+[j]+元音
1、see us→see [j] us
Come and see~us again soon.
2、be over→be [j] over
It will be~over soon.
3、be able→be [j] able
Will you be~able to come tomorrow?
4、say it →say [j] it
Could you say~it again please?
5、pay Ann →pay [j] Ann
Please pay~Ann her salary.
以[u:]或 [??] 結(jié)尾的元音+[w]+元音
1、do it→do [w] it
Don't do~it again.
2、go up→go [w] up
Let's go~upstairs and have dinner.
3、show us→show [w] us
Can you show~us something else.
注:元音與元音的連音是一種自然滑過后帶出來的音。當(dāng)你的發(fā)音接近流利時,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)不用刻意去發(fā) [j] 和 [w] 就可以有效果,所以盡管放松地去練習(xí),模仿是第一老師。
發(fā)音規(guī)則三省略【h】的連讀
在連音規(guī)則中,以“h”開頭的單詞 [h] 音近乎省略。因為 [h] 發(fā)音很特殊——只是出氣沒有摩擦,所以拼讀時好像被省略了。
1、Does~he know?
2、What~happened?
3、Please give~him a hand!
What do you do for a living?這句話怎么連讀?
三分鐘視頻一邊看,一邊練。
2 略讀
英文最明顯的語音規(guī)則除了連讀外,就是略讀了。爆破音和爆破音相鄰,第一個爆破音只形成阻礙,但不發(fā)生爆破,稱為失爆;爆破音和其他輔音相鄰,該爆破音不完全爆破。英語語音中的失爆和不完全爆破現(xiàn)象,我們簡稱為“略讀”。略讀是英語語音學(xué)習(xí)的重點,也是一個難點,掌握好略讀,也就掌握了地道英語發(fā)音的制勝法寶!
注意:略讀時并不是把整個音丟掉,而是發(fā)音時點到為止,有口型不發(fā)音或輕微發(fā)音。
重要學(xué)術(shù)名詞--爆破音:[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]
1
爆破音+爆破音=失去爆破
Tips:
六個爆破音中任意兩個相遇,一個爆破音后緊跟著另一個爆破音時,前面一個音點到為止,形成阻礙,但不發(fā)生爆破;第二個音完全爆破;若第二個爆破音在詞尾,則必須輕化。
以一個爆破音結(jié)尾并以同一個爆破音開始時,只發(fā)一次音,前一個音只做好發(fā)音準(zhǔn)備而不發(fā)音,直接發(fā)第二個音。
單詞內(nèi)失爆
1.active=a(c)tive [k]+[t]
Students are encouraged to be active in class.
2.blackboard=blac(k)board [k]+[b]
Our class has a large blackboard.
3.dictation=di(k)tation [k]+[t]
We'll have dictation today.
4.football=foo(t)ball [t]+[b]
There is going to be a football match tonight. Shall we watch it together?
5.goodbye=goo(d)bye [d]+[b]
She waved me goodbye.
句子內(nèi)失爆
以上列舉的失爆和不完全爆破現(xiàn)象,都發(fā)生在單詞內(nèi),實際上,在一個句子或者詞組中,相鄰的兩個單詞出現(xiàn)失爆和不完全爆破現(xiàn)象的幾率要大于出現(xiàn)在單詞內(nèi)。
1.Stop talking!=Sto(p)-talking!
2.I don't care.=I don'(t) -care.
3.I had a bad cold.=I had a ba(d)-cold.
2
爆破音[t]和[d]+鼻輔音[m]和[n]
爆破音[t]和[d]后面緊跟鼻輔音[m]和[n],[t]和[d]形成阻礙,在詞末必須通過鼻腔爆破;發(fā)音時,舌尖緊貼上齒齦,稍放開立刻貼回,從爆破音到鼻音舌位不變,讓氣流通過鼻腔沖出,在詞中則不完全爆破。
[t]和[d]+[m]和[n]在詞末
1. Britain [tn]
Britain is made up of England, Scotland,Wales and Northern Ireland.
2、certain [tn]
They are certain to agree.
3、frighten [tn]
The high prices frighten off many customers.
[t]和[d]+[m]和[n]在詞中
1、admire=a(d)mire [d]=[m]
I really admire your enthusiasm.
2、admit=a(d)mit [d]+[m]
She admits to being strict with her children.
3、goodness=goo(d)ness [d]+[n]
Thank goodness!
[t]和[d]+[m]和[n]在句中
1、Good morning!=Goo(d)-morning!
2、Let me take a look.=Le(t)-me take a look.
3、I don't know what to say.=I don'(t)-know what to say.
3
爆破音[t]和[d]+舌邊音[l]
爆破音[t]和[d]后面緊跟舌邊音[l],則必須由舌兩邊爆破,這種情況多發(fā)生在詞尾。爆破音爆破音[t]和[d]后面緊跟清晰舌邊[l],則為不完全爆破。
[t]和[d]+[l]在詞末
1.battle [t]+[l]
Any soldiers were killed in the battle.
2.gentle [t]+[l]
His soap is very gentle on the hands.
3.little [t]+[l]
I'm a little tired.
4.settle [t]+[l]
The company has agreed to settle out of court.
5.title [t]+[l]
Give your name and title。
[t]和[d]+[l]在詞中
1.heartless=hear(t)less [t]+[l]
The decision does seem a little heartless.
2.lately=la(te)ly [t]+[l]
Have you seen him lately?
3.badly=ba(d)ly [d]+[l]
Things have been going badly.
4.needless=nee(d)less [d]+[l]
Banning somking would save needless deaths.
[t]和[d]+[l]在句中
1.Good luck!=Goo(d)-luck!
2.I would like to have one.=I woul(d) like to have one.
3.At last, we made it to his party.=A(t) last, we made it to his party.
4
爆破音+摩擦音/破擦音=失去爆破
當(dāng)爆破音后緊跟著摩擦音和破擦音時,該爆破音形成阻礙,但不完全爆破。
摩擦音:[f][v][θ][ e][s][ z][ ?][ ? ][h][r]
破擦音:[ts]-[dz],[tr]-[dr],[t?]-[d?]
單詞內(nèi)失爆
1.advance=a(d)vance [d]+[v]
We live in an age of rapid technologcical advance.
2.bookshop=boo(k)shop [k]+[ ?]
The bookshop opens at 7 o'clock in the morning.
3.helpful=hel(p)ful [p]+[f]
A: Sorry, I can't be more helpful.
B: Thank you. You're been very helpful.
4.lecture=le(c)ture [k]+[t?]
Mr Li is giving a lecture to first-year students.
5.object=o(b)ject [b]+[d?]
The object is to educate people about road safety.
句子內(nèi)失爆
1.You look fantastic.=You loo(k)-fantastic.
2.I'll get there by ten.=I'll ge(t) there by ten.
3.Let's have a good chat.=Let's have a goo(d)-chat.
4.I haven't read the book.=I haven'(t)-read the book.
5.Wish you a great success!=Wish you a grea(t)-success!
6.Put the book on the desk.=Pu(t)-the book on the desk.
7.She is one of my old friends.=She is one of my ol(d)-friends.
8.I'd like a room with a good view.=I'd like a room with a goo(d) view.
9.I am quite sure that you will win.=I am qui(te) sure that you will win.
10.Don't judge people only by appearance.=Don'(t) judge people only by appearance.
3 斷句
當(dāng)句子較長時,人們會覺得很難一口氣把話說完。這時,可以按語義和語法的關(guān)系把句子分為若干段,每一段就是一個意群。換句話說,意群就是可以構(gòu)成一個相對獨立意思的一段,是組成句子的部件。
意群和意群之間可以有一定的停頓,這種停頓和人們的思維活動是一致的。但一個意群中的各個單詞之間則不可停頓,整個意群讀下來就像一個長單詞一樣。記住:英語不是一個詞一個詞地說的。
例1:Repeating after tapes is very inportant for beginners.
意群:Repeating after tapes | is very inportant | for beginners.
跟讀錄音帶對于初學(xué)者來說,是非常重要的。
例2:Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy, and wise.
意群:Early to bed | and early to rise | makes a man | healthy, happy, and wise.睡得早,起得早,健康、快樂、頭腦好。
例3:Liu Xiang, who's a brilliant runner,represented China at Olympic Games.
意群:Liu Xiang, | who's a brilliant runner, | represented China | at Olympic Games.優(yōu)秀的跑步運動員劉翔代表中國參加了奧運會。
例4:But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense.
意群:But | the most important argument | for a broad education | is that | in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, | we improve our moral sense.但普及教育最重要的原因在于通過學(xué)習(xí)前任所凝結(jié)的智慧結(jié)晶,使我們的是非道德觀得以改善。
意群之間的停頓,根據(jù)說話人的情況而定,并非一定要停頓不可。但如有停頓,則必須在意群之間,隨意亂停就破壞了語言的節(jié)奏。
4 句子的重音
英語中有一則有關(guān)句子重音的笑話:有一個人去郵局買了一張郵票,準(zhǔn)備發(fā)信,他問:“Must I stick it on myself?”由于on 不該重讀而重讀了,原意“我自己貼(在信封)上嗎?”卻成了“我得把郵票貼自己身上嗎?”結(jié)果出了洋相??梢姡_處理句子重讀絕對不可忽視。
句子重讀的一般規(guī)則
在連貫的話語中,不可能所有的詞都同樣重要,必須有些詞較為關(guān)鍵,有些詞則相對次要一些。一般來說,關(guān)鍵詞需要重讀,這就是句子的重音,而其他詞則不必重讀?;蛘呖梢哉f成:實詞重讀,虛詞不重讀。
一般需要重讀的詞(實詞/關(guān)鍵詞):
實義動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、疑問詞和感嘆詞等。
一般需要重讀的詞(虛詞/非關(guān)鍵詞):
助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、冠詞、介詞、連詞、物主代詞、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞等。
另外,人稱代詞、連詞、介詞和助動詞等一般不重讀,但在特定情景中,也需要重讀。如人稱代詞做并列主語或賓語時需重讀,句首的介詞也需要重讀,做主語或賓語的指示代詞也需要重讀。
在聽力考試中,句子重音可以幫.找到關(guān)鍵詞,并把握住主要意思,正確理解所聽的內(nèi)容。一般情況下,在不需要特別強調(diào)或?qū)Ρ饶承﹥?nèi)容時,句子的重音通常落在最后一個出現(xiàn)的實詞上,例如:
例如:The course was more difficult than she had expected, but she got a lot out of it.譯文:這個課程比她想象中的難多了,但她還是從中學(xué)會了很多東西。
這個句子中,只要聽到重讀的詞或詞組就不難正確理解句意。
(1)courage, more difficult, expected;
(2)got , lot , out.
句子的邏輯重音
句子的重音總是要表現(xiàn)說話人的思想和他所表達(dá)意思的重點,有時為了強調(diào),句子中幾乎任何詞都可以有句子重音,包括一些通常沒有句子重音的詞,這種依說話者意圖重讀的音就是邏輯重音。
例如:
Did you tell my wife?
強調(diào)“wife”,你要告訴我妻子嗎?
強調(diào)“my”,你要告訴我的妻子嗎?
強調(diào)“you”,你要告訴我的妻子嗎?
5. 語調(diào)
語調(diào)是幫助我們表達(dá)各種思想感情的重要途徑,英語語調(diào)的基本類型有降調(diào)、升調(diào)和平調(diào)。
降調(diào)表示說話人的態(tài)度肯定、意思完整、語法結(jié)構(gòu)獨立;升調(diào)表示說話人的態(tài)度不肯定、意思不完整、語法結(jié)構(gòu)不獨立;平調(diào)一般用于直接引語后面,表述所說的話,音高沒有高低的變化。在意義比較復(fù)雜的句子或意群中,往往結(jié)合了三種基本語調(diào),構(gòu)成升降調(diào)或者降升調(diào),而使語調(diào)變得復(fù)雜。
美國英語比英國英語更平民化,它的語調(diào)也更趨于自然,較少故意的抑揚頓挫;英國英語語調(diào)則起伏較大。不同的語調(diào)可以表示說話人不同的態(tài)度和不同的隱含意思。英語中同一句話采用不同的語調(diào)會產(chǎn)生截然不同的語意概念。
例如:“yes”,若用降調(diào),表示說話人對所回答的問題十分確定;若用升調(diào),表示對問題有疑問。語調(diào)具有強烈的感.,它使語言更富有表現(xiàn)力。
1降調(diào)
1. 用于陳述句:
例如:I have already seen that movie. ↘
譯文:這部電影我已經(jīng)看過了。
2. 用于特殊疑問句:
例如:What has happened to him?↘
譯文:他出什么事兒了?
注意:特殊疑問句有時候用升調(diào)表示請別人重復(fù)剛才他說過的話。
例如:
A: I graduated from Lanzhou University and majored in mechanical engineering.↘
譯文:我畢業(yè)于蘭州大學(xué)工程力學(xué)專業(yè)。
B:What was your major?↗
譯文:你說你的專業(yè)是什么?
3. 用于祈使句:
例如:Go back to your seat! Now!↘
譯文:回到你的座位上去!馬上!
4. 用于感嘆句:
例如:What a small world!↘
譯文:這世界竟是如此之小!
5. 用在選擇疑問句中“or”之后的部分:
例如:Do you want to drive↗ or walk?↘
譯文:你想開車還是想步行?
2升調(diào)
1. 用于一般疑問句:
例如:Do you mind if I sit here?↗
譯文:你介意我坐在這里嗎?
注意:一般疑問句有時候也用降調(diào),表示一種不耐煩或者命令的語氣。
例如:Are you satisfied?↘
譯文:這下你該滿意了吧。
2. 用于羅列事物時:
例如:For each incomplete sentence, there are four choices maked A↗, B↗, C↗, and D↘.
譯文:對于每一個不完整的句子,都會給出四個答案,分別為A、B、C和D.
3. 用于陳述句,表示譯文、懷疑、未定、猜測或期待等。
例如:You really want to do it?↗
譯文:你真要做這件事嗎?
4. 用于置于句首的狀語短語和狀語從句:
例如:After dinner↗, I read a magazine and made telephone calls.
譯文:晚飯后,我看了一本雜志,還打了幾個電話。
5. 用于并列句的第一個分詞,表示句子還未說完:
例如:My fever is gone↗, but I still habe a cough.
譯文:我的燒退了,但還在咳嗽。
6. 用于委婉祈使句:
例如:Excuse me, sir↗. Can you help me↗?
譯文:先生,打擾一下,您能幫我一下嗎?
7. 用于稱呼語:
例如:Mrs. Smith↗, this is Tom Jones↘.
譯文:史密斯夫人,這是湯姆·瓊斯。
平調(diào)
用于直接引語后,表示所說的話的具體內(nèi)容。
例如:"We are going to Florida," She said brightly.
譯文:她興高采烈地說:“我們要到佛羅里達(dá)去?!?/p>
影視英語口語:《瘋狂動物城》中那些暖心經(jīng)典臺詞
Life's a little bit messy. We all make mistakes.
【翻譯】生活中總會有不順心的時候,我們都會犯錯。
【解析】有誰不是在一邊受傷,一邊學(xué)會堅強。人非圣賢,孰能無過。
【拓展】To err is human. 人非圣賢,孰能無過。
【拓展】I was messed up for a long time. 這些年我一塌糊涂。
I know you'll never forgive me. And I don't blame you. I wouldn't forgive me either
【翻譯】我知道,你永遠(yuǎn)都不會原諒我。我不怪你,換做我,我也不會原諒我自己。
【解析】云散因為風(fēng)吹,美好因為寬容。
【拓展】Let begongs be begongs 讓往事情都隨風(fēng)而去吧。
I was ignorant and irresponsible and small-minded.
【翻譯】我又蠢又不可靠,還心胸狹窄。
【解析】那又何妨?破鍋自有破鍋蓋,破人自有破人愛。喜歡你的人什么都愿意寬容和原諒。
【拓展】The more you learn, the more you feel ignorant. 博學(xué)才知才疏學(xué)淺。
No matter what type of animal you are, change starts with you.
【翻譯】天性如何并不重要,重要的是你開始改變。
【解析】清簡內(nèi)心,一切皆安。
【拓展】A journey of a thousand miles begins with single step. 千里之行,始于足下。
And after we're done, you can hate me.
【翻譯】當(dāng)我們解決了這個案子,你可以繼續(xù)討厭我。
【解析】今天厭惡的對象可能會成為塵埃落定后的難覓知己。今天性格不合可能會成為幾十年后的相濡以沫。
【拓展】out of sight,out of mind. 眼不見,心不煩。
All right, get in here. You bunnies, so emotional.
【翻譯】好了,到我這來。你們兔子,就是愛哭。
【解析】兔子哭吧哭吧不是罪。有時候,那些硬生生被憋回去的眼淚,還是會敗給一幕生活的場景或者動心的安慰。
【拓展】We always have a sentimental attachment to our birth-places. 對于故土,我們總是有眷戀之情。
Everyone comes to Zoo topia, thinking they could be anything they want. But you can't.
【翻譯】踏進(jìn)動物城,人人都懷揣著夢想,成為理想中的自己,但卻一場空。
【解析】夢兒追的我累,但是,我不愿后退,因為我想象中的美,一定能擦去我心中的淚,夢是寶貝。
【拓展】There are only two tragedies in life: one is not getting what one wants, and the other is getting it. 失去心中所欲,得到心中所想,乃為人生兩大悲劇。
You can only be what you are. Sly fox. Dumb bunny.
【翻譯】你只能是你,狐貍還是狡猾,兔子依舊呆蠢。
【解析】本性難移,但是,做真實的自己,又有什么不好?
【拓展】 A fox may grow gray, but never good. 江山易改,本性難移。
I know you love me
【翻譯】我知道你愛我!
【解析】愛不能說,一說就錯。
【拓展】In your life, there will at least one time that you forget yourself for someone, asking for no result, no company, no ownership nor love. Just ask for meeting you in my most beautiful years. 一生至少該有一次,為了某個人而忘了自己,不求有結(jié)果,不求同行,不求曾經(jīng)擁有,甚至不求你愛我。只求在我最美的年華里,遇到你。
But predators shouldn't suffer because of my mistakes.
【翻譯】但是,不能因為我的錯,讓動物們遭受痛苦。
【解析】勇于承擔(dān)的人,才有做領(lǐng)袖的潛質(zhì)。
【解析】After sufferings comes happiness. 苦盡甘來。
that'll be fine, because I was a horrible friend, and I hurt you.
【翻譯】 沒關(guān)系,因為我是個糟糕的朋友,我傷害了你。
【解析】 你傷害了我,就一笑而過吧,世界上,沒有誰對不起誰,只有誰不懂得珍惜誰。
【拓展】I did not mean to upset 我不是有意要使你難過。
It's not about how badly you want something. It's about what you are capable of!
【翻譯】光有志向是不夠的,重要的是你的能力.
【解析】努力到無能為力,拼搏到感動自己。自信源于實力,在圓夢的路上,沒有一個生命是準(zhǔn)確屈服的。
【拓展】There is light at the end of the tunnel 守得云開見月明。