語法在學習英語中是一個墊腳石，因為語法會了很多問題都會迎刃而解，可想而知語法是很重要的，那么關于語法中名詞該如何使用和他它的性質是怎么樣的？我們一起來看看，以下是小編給大家整理的被動語態講解大全，希望可以幫到大家

　　名詞可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞，專有名詞是某個(些)人，地方，機構等專有的名稱，如Beijing，China等。普通名詞是一類人或東西或是一個抽象概念的名詞，如：book，sadness等。普通名詞又可分為下面四類：

　　1)個體名詞：表示某類人或東西中的個體，如：gun。

　　2)集體名詞：表示若干個個體組成的集合體，如：family。

　　3)物質名詞：表示無法分為個體的實物，如：air。

　　4)抽象名詞：表示動作、狀態、品質、感情等抽象概念，如：work。

　　個體名詞和集體名詞可以用數目來計算，稱為可數名詞，物質名詞和抽象名詞一般無法用數目計算，稱為不可數名詞。歸納一下，名詞的分類可以下圖表示：

　　名詞 專有名詞 不可數名詞

　　普通名詞 物質名詞

　　抽象名詞

　　集體名詞

　　可數名詞

　　個體名詞

　　1.1 名詞復數的規則變化

　　情況 構成方法 讀音 例詞

　　一般情況 加 -s 清輔音后讀/s/ map-maps

　　濁輔音和元音后讀 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars

　　以s, sh, ch, x等結尾 加 -es 讀 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches

　　以ce, se, ze,等結尾 加 -s 讀 /iz/ license-licenses

　　以輔音字母+y結尾 變y 為i再加es 讀 /z/ baby---babies

　　1.2 其它名詞復數的規則變化

　　1) 以y結尾的專有名詞，或元音字母+y 結尾的名詞變復數時，直接加s變復數。例如：

　　two Marys　　　　 the Henrys

　　monkey---monkeys　 holiday---holidays

　　2) 以o 結尾的名詞，變復數時：

　　a. 加s，如： photo---photos　　 piano---pianos

　　radio---radios　　 zoo---zoos;

　　b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes　 tomato--tomatoes

　　c. 上述a和b兩種方法均可，如zero---zeros / zeroes。

　　3) 以f或fe 結尾的名詞變復數時：

　　a. 加s，如： belief---beliefs　 roof---roofs

　　safe---safes　 gulf---gulfs;

　　b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half---halves

　　knife---knives　leaf---leaves　 wolf---wolves

　　wife---wives　 life---lives　 thief---thieves;

　　c. 上述a和b兩種方法均可，如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。

　　1.3 名詞復數的不規則變化

　　1) child---children　 foot---feet　 tooth---teeth

　　mouse---mice　　　 man---men　 woman---women

　　注意：由一個詞加 man 或 woman構成的合成詞，其復數形式也是 -men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成詞，故復數形式為Germans;Bowman是姓，其復數是the Bowmans。

　　2) 單復同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin等。但除人民幣的元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復數形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。

　　3)集體名詞，以單數形式出現，但實為復數。例如：

　　people　police　cattle 等本身就是復數，不能說 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以說a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名詞，表示國民總稱時，作復數用，如The Chinese are industries and brave.　中國人民是勤勞勇敢的。

　　4) 以s結尾，仍為單數的名詞，如：

　　a. maths，politics，physics等學科名詞，一般是不可數名詞，為單數。

　　b. news 為不可數名詞。

　　c. the United States，the United Nations 應視為單數。

　　The United Nations was organized in 1945. 聯合國是1945年組建起來的。

　　d. 以復數形式出現的書名，劇名，報紙，雜志名，也可視為單數。例如：

　　"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事書。

　　5) 表示由兩部分構成的東西，如：glasses (眼鏡)　trousers,　clothes等，若表達具體數目，要借助數量詞 pair(對，雙);　suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。

　　6) 另外還有一些名詞，其復數形式有時可表示特別意思，如：goods貨物，waters水域，fishes(各種)魚。

　　1.4 不可數名詞量的表示

　　1)物質名詞

　　a. 當物質名詞轉化為個體名詞時為可數。

　　比較：Cake is a kind of food.　蛋糕是一種食物。 (不可數)

　　These cakes are sweet.　這些蛋糕很好吃。 (可數)

　　b. 當物質名詞表示該物質的種類時，可數。例如：

　　This factory produces steel.　(不可數)

　　We need various steels.　(可數)

　　c. 當物質名詞表示份數時，可數。例如：

　　Our country is famous for tea. 我國因茶葉而聞名。

　　Two teas, please. 請來兩杯茶。

　　2) 抽象名詞表示具體的事例時也可數。例如：

　　four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四個現代化

　　物質名詞和抽象名詞可以借助單位詞表一定的數量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice　一則建議。

　　5. 定語名詞的復數

　　名詞作定語一般用單數，但也有以下例外。

　　1) 1) 用復數作定語。例如：

　　sports meeting 運動會 students reading-room 學生閱覽室

　　talks table 談判桌 the foreign languages department 外語系

　　2) man, woman, gentleman等作定語時，其單復數以所修飾的名詞的單復數而定。例如：

　　men workers　　women teachers　　gentlemen officials

　　3) 有些原有s結尾的名詞，作定語時，s保留。例如：

　　goods train (貨車) arms produce　武器生產

　　customs papers 海關文件 clothes brush 衣刷

　　4) 數詞+名詞作定語時，這個名詞一般保留單數形式。例如：

　　two-dozen eggs　兩打雞蛋　 a ten-mile walk 十英里路

　　two-hundred trees 兩百棵樹 a five-year plan.　一個五年計劃

　　1.6 不同國籍人的單復數

　　國籍 總稱(謂語用復數) 單數 復數

　　中國人 the Chinese a Chinese　 two Chinese

　　瑞士人 the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss

　　澳大利亞人 the Australians　 an Australian two Australians

　　俄國人 the Russians a Russian two Russians

　　意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians

　　希臘人 the greek a greek two greeks

　　法國人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen

　　日本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese

　　美國人 the Americans an American two Americans

　　印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians

　　加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians

　　德國人 the Germans a Germans two Germans

　　英國人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen

　　瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes

　　1.7 名詞的格

　　英語中有些名詞可以加"'s"來表示所有關系，帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱為該名詞的所有格，如：a teacher's book。名詞所有格的規則如下：

　　1) 單數名詞詞尾加"'s"，復數名詞詞尾沒有s，也要加"'s"，如the boy's bag 男孩的書包，men's room 男廁所。

　　2) 若名詞已有復數詞尾-s ，只加" ' "，如：the workers' struggle　工人的斗爭。

　　3) 凡不能加"'s"的名詞，都可以用"名詞+of +名詞"的結構來表示所有關系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字。

　　4) 在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現它所修飾的名詞，如：the barber's 理發店。

　　5) 如果兩個名詞并列，并且分別有's，則表示"分別有";只有一個's，則表示'共有'。例如：

　　John's and Mary's rooms(兩間)　　John and Mary's room(一間)

　　6) 復合名詞或短語，'s 加在最后一個詞的詞尾。例如：a month or two's absence

　　1.8 練習

　　1. 1.He was eager to make some extra money, since during these years he could hardly live on his_______.

　　a. a. little wage b. few wage c. wage d. wages

　　2. 2.Most of the houses in the village were burnt to ______ during the war.

　　a. a. an ash b. the ash c. ash d. ashes

　　3. 3.The students at colleges or universities are making ______ for the coming New Year.

　　a. a. many preparations b. much preparation c. preparations d. preparation

　　4. 4.Painting in _____ is one of their spare-time activities.

　　a. a. oil b. an oil c. oils d. the oil

　　5. 5.In the view of the foreign experts, there wasn't ____ oil here.

　　a. a. much b. lots of b. a great deal of d. many

　　6.The large houses are being painted, but ______.

　　a. of great expense b. at a great expense c. in a lot of expenses d. by high expense

　　7. 7.The room was small and contained far too ______.

　　a. a.much new furniture b. much new furnitures c.many new furniture d. many new furnitures

　　8. 8.Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.

　　a. rooms number b. room number c. room's numbers d. room numbers

　　9.Computers can do ______ work in a short time, but a man can not do ______ by himself.

　　a great many…many b. much…a great deal c. a great deal of…much d. many…a great many

　　10. 10.She didn't know _____ he had been given.

　　a. a. how many information b. how many informations c. the number of information d. how much information

　　11. 11.He invited all of his ______ to join his wedding party.

　　a. comrade-in-arms b. comrades-in-arm c. comrades-in-arms d. comrade-in-arm

　　12. 12.All the ______ in the hospital got a rise last month.

　　a. women doctors b. woman doctors c. women doctor d. woman doctor

　　13. 13.After ten years, all these youngsters became_____.

　　a. growns-ups b. growns-up c. grown-up d. grown-ups

　　14. 14.The police investigated those _____ about the accident.

　　a. stander-by b. standers-by c. stander-bys d. standers-bys

　　15. 15.The Nazi kept those ______ in their concentration camp.

　　a. prisoner-of-wars b. prisoners-of-war c. prisoners-of-wars d. prisoner-of-war

　　16. 16.The manager was greatly appreciate that _____ made by Linda lately.

　　a. new reel b. news reel c. new-reels d. news reels

　　17. 17.Mary's dress is similar in appearance to her ______.

　　a. elder sister b. elder sister's c. elder sisters d. elder sisters dress

　　18. 18.All the people at the conference are ______.

　　a. mathematic teachers b. mathematics teacher c.mathematics teachers d. mathematic's teachers

　　19.Professor Mackay told us that ______ of lead are its softness and its resistance.

　　a. a. some property b. properties c. some properties d. property

　　20. 20.Physics _____ with matter and motion.

　　a. a. deal b. deals c. dealing d. are

　　21. 21.He has written several books, but his last works _____ well known among his friends.

　　a. a. have b. have been c. is d. are

　　22. 22.After he checked up my ______ heart, the doctor advised him to rest for a few days.

　　a. a. father-in-law's c. father's-in-law b. b. father-in-law d. father's-in-law's

　　23. 23.He told me _____ would come to his birthday party.

　　a. a. many Jack friends c. many Jack's friend

　　b. b. Jack's many friends d. many friends of Jack's

　　24. 24.I had my hair cut at the _____ around the corner.

　　a. a.barber b. barbers c. barber's d. barbers'

　　25. 25.Yesterday evening we had a lovely evening at ______.

　　a. a. Peter and Helen's c. Peter and Helen

　　b. b. Peter and Helens d. Peter's and Helen's

　　26. 26.______ receives only a small portion of the total amount of the sun's energy.

　　a. a. The earth's surface c. The surface of earth

　　b. b. The surface earth d. The earth surface

　　27. 27.Numerous materials are available to ______.

　　a. a. today of designers c. today's of designers

　　b. b. today's designers d. today designers

　　28. 28.Why did you speak to Peter that way? Don't you know he is an old friend of ______?

　　a. a. my brother b. my brothers c. my brother's d. my brother's friend

　　29. 29.______ is a well-informed man. He can tell you anything you want to know.

　　a. a. This John's old friend c. That's Jahn's old friend

　　b. b. This old friend of John d. This old friend of John's

　　30. 30.______ is too much for a little boy to carry.

　　a. a.A bike's weight c. The weight of a bike

　　b. b.The weights of a bike d. Bile's weight

　　31. 31.Generally there are ______ television programs for children on Saturday.

　　a. a. little b. much c. a large number of d. a large amount of

　　32. 32.When they got to the lecture-room, there were ______ left.

　　a. a. only few seats b. a very few seats c. only a few seats d. so a few seats

　　33. 33.______ travels faster when the zip code is indicated on the envelope.

　　a. a. A little mail b. A piece of mail c. A mail d. A small mail

　　_ to improve the working conditions there.

　　a. a. a new equipment c. new equipments

　　b. b. a new piece of equipment d. new pieces of equipments

　　35. 35.The boy tried hard but there has been ______ in his work.

　　a. a. little improvement c. many improvements

　　b. b. a little improvement d. few improvements

　　36. 36.Today's modern TV cameras require ______ light as compared with the earlier models.

　　a. a. only a few b. only few c. only a little d. only little

　　37. 37.No country can afford to neglect ______.

　　a. a. an education b. educations c. education d. the education

　　38. 38.Please write the answers to the questions at the end of ______.

　　a. a. eighth chapter b. chapter eight c. eight chapter d. chapter the eight

　　39. 39.______ is only surpassed by that of monkeys' and apes'.

　　a. a. The intelligent dog c. The intelligence of dogs

　　b. b. The dogs whose intelligence d. The dogs being intelligent

　　40. 40.All ______ must take the graduate Management Admission Test.

　　a. a. business student b. business's students c. business students d. business's student

　　41. 41.______ anywhere in the United States costs less than a dollar when you dial it yourself.

　　a. a. Three minutes call c. A three-minutes call

　　b. b. Three-minute call d. A three-minute call

　　42. 42.The ______ about nuclear energy revolves around the waste problem.

　　a. a. public's chief concern c. chief public concern

　　b. b. public chief concern d. chief concern of public's

　　43. 43.______ the first and largest ethnic group to work on the construction of the transcontinental railroad.

　　a. Chinese were b. The Chinese was c. Chinese was d. The Chinese were

　　44. 44.______ can get a better view of the game than the participants.

　　a. a. Looker-on b. Lookers-on c. Looker-ons c. Lookers-ons

　　45. 45.A group of spectators was dispersed by the police who ______ at the scene of the accidents within minutes.

　　a. a. were b. have been c. was d. has been

　　46. 46.Our livestock ______ not as numerous as they used to be.

　　a. a. is b. are c. be d. been

　　47. 47.One of the most surprising things is that ______ may come from petroleum.

　　a. a. much of tomorrow food c. many of tomorrow's food

　　b. b. much of the food of tomorrow d. much of tomorrow's food

　　48. 48.Scott is an orphan but he received ______.

　　a. a. very good education c. a very good education

　　b. b. very good educations d. many good educations

　　49. 49.After several day's hardworking, we have made ______ on the design.

　　a. a. much improvement c. many improvement

　　b. b. several improvements d. some improvement

　　50. 50.The boy was very happy that his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a ______ yesterday.

　　a. a. shoes shop b. shoe shop c. shoes's shop d. shoe's

　　51. 51.Eggs, though nourishing, have ______ of fat content.

　　a. a. large number b. a large number c. a high amount d. the high amount

　　52. 52.He has done some ______ on that subject from various angles over the past ten years.

　　a. a. research b. a research c. researches d. the researches

　　53. 53.Recently, he has lost all his ______.

　　a. a. wage and saving at card c. wages and saving at card

　　b. b. wages and savings at card d. wages and savings at cards

　　54. 54.The country's wealth comes chiefly from its many ______.

　　a. a. herd of cattle b. heard of cattles c. herds of cattle d. herds of cattles

　　55. 55.In Britain the ______ are all painted red.

　　a. a. letter boxes b. letters box c. letters boxes d. letters's box

　　56. 56.Ten years had passed. I found she had ______.

　　a. a. a little white hair c. a few white hair

　　b. b. some white hair d. much white hair

　　57. 57.All his ______ far from satisfaction

　　a. a. conduct is b. conduct are c. conducts is d. conducts will be

　　58. 58.Although the town had been attacked by the storm several times, ______ was done.

　　a. a. a few damages b. few damages c. little damage d. a little damage

　　59. 59.He was ______ what to do.

　　a. a. at his wit end b. at his wits end c. at his wit's end d. at his wits's end

　　60. 60.Would you like to have a cup of tea and ______ with me?

　　a two toasts b. two pieces of toast c. two piece of toasts d. tow pieces of toasts

　　61. 61.Accurate ______ covering the fact are not obtainable.

　　a. a. datum b. datums c. data d. datas

　　62. 62.On Monday morning some teachers exchanged a few ______.

　　a. a. how-are-yous c. how-are-you's

　　b. b. of how-are-you's d. of how are you

　　63. 63.Albert said he met the girl ______

　　a. a. at his uncle's Smith room c. at his uncle Smith's room

　　b. b. at Smith's his uncle's room d. at the room of his uncle's Smith's

　　64. 64.It is four months since I last saw Keats ______.

　　a. a. at Mrt Smith's ,the book seller c. at my aunt's, a book seller

　　b. b. at my aunt's, Mrs Palmer's d. at Mrs Palmer's, the book seller's

　　65. 65.This room is ______.

　　a. a. the editor's-in-chief's office c. the editor-in-chief's office

　　b. b. the editor-in-chief office d. the editor's-in-chief office

　　66. 66.My old classmate, Comrade Sun ,works at ______.

　　a. a. a teacher college c. a teacher's college

　　b. b. a teachers's college d. a college of a teacher's

　　67. 67.The policemen put the criminal ______.

　　a. a. in a iron b. into a iron c. in irons d. into a pair of iron

　　68. 68.Our teacher gave me ______.

　　a. a. an advice b. the advice c. many advice d. much advice

　　69. 69.My mother cut the cloth with ______ scissors.

　　a. a. a b. two c. a couple of d. a pair of

　　70.My house is within ______ from the railway station.

　　a. a stone's throw b. a throw of a stone c. stone's throw d. the stone's throw

　　名詞練習答案

　　1 D 15 B 29 D 43 D 57 A

　　2 D 16 B 30 B 44 B 58 C

　　3 C 17 B 31 C 45 A 59 D

　　4 C 18 C 32 C 46 B 60 B

　　5 A 19 C 33 B 47 D 61 C

　　6 C 20 B 34 C 48 B 62 B

　　7 A 21 C 35 A 49 C 63 B

　　8 D 22 A 36 C 50 B 64 D

　　9 C 23 D 37 C 51 C 65 B

　　10 D 24 C 38 B 52 A 66 C

　　11 C 25 A 39 B 53 D 67 C

　　12 A 26 A 40 C 54 C 68 D

　　13 D 27 C 41 D 55 A 69 D

　　14 B 28 C 42 A 56 D 70 A