托福考試中無論是對話conversation還是講座lecture中，詢問素材大意的主旨題都是常見的高頻題型。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈Ｂ犃Ω哳l題型主旨題解題技巧實例講解 ,希望能夠幫助到大家，一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧。

托福聽力高頻題型主旨題解題技巧實例講解

做好托福聽力主旨題無關(guān)詞匯量從開頭找線索

關(guān)于托福聽力主旨題的解題技巧，考生應(yīng)該首先注意的是這兩種題型與大家詞匯量的多少無關(guān)。也就是說，詞匯量即使很少也不會給這兩種題型的解題造成障礙。考生真正要做的是首先聽準開頭;特別是開頭句型，之后找出對話目的;如果開頭沒有把握準，那么要注意全文重復(fù)詞匯;最后要聽準關(guān)鍵詞并對實義詞(名詞、動詞、形容詞)足夠敏感。

托福聽力對話和講座如何聽準開頭段?

那么，考生應(yīng)該如何聽準托福聽力的開頭段呢?大家要注意的是，在conversation和lecture的開頭中，有的文章會出現(xiàn)寒暄部分。

比如，在conversation中兩個說話者的在開頭部分都會出現(xiàn)互相問好的寒暄語：

e.g.1 A : Hey, how is everything going?

B: Well, everything is going fine.

e.g.2 A: Hi, are you Paula?

B: Oh, hi, Jim. Nice to see you!

在這些寒暄之后說話人A說Do you need some tutoring in English? 說話人B說：yes, I am taking English composition and my English is not very good. 這才是文章的真正內(nèi)容，也就是文章的主旨。所以選項的相應(yīng)部分選擇的是：She needs a tutoring appointment!

在lecture中，有時教授上來不會直接切入正題，而是先會寒暄幾句。

例1： 有個教授上來先說I am sorry that I didn’t bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class. Today, I want to continue our topic about Renaissance. 所以 “I am sorry that I didn’t bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class.” 這句話都是在說與文章主旨無關(guān)緊要的話。而真正與文章主旨有關(guān)的是以today開頭的這句話!所以，顯而易見，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容就是文藝復(fù)興Renaissance。

例2： In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history. But today, I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么很顯然，In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history.這是上節(jié)課講的內(nèi)容。在強轉(zhuǎn)折but之后，老師緊接著說I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么，文章的主旨也就很明確了。

托福聽力練習(xí)對照文本

Last week we talked about Anne Bradstreet and the role of women in the Puritan colonies.

上周我們談?wù)撨^Anne Bradstreet以及在北美殖民地中女性的角色。

Today I want to talk about some other women who've contributed to American history—some famous and some not-so-famous.

今天我想談?wù)剬γ绹鴼v史作出貢獻的一些其他女性——有些很著名也有些不著名。

The first woman I'd like to talk about is Molly Pitcher.

第一位女性我想要談?wù)摰氖荕olly Pitcher

Those of you who are familiar with the name may know her as a hero of the American Revolution.

你們之中那些熟悉這個名字的，可能會作為美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭的英雄而知道她。

But, in fact, there never was a woman named Molly Pitcher.

但是，事實上，從來沒有一個女人叫做Molly Pitcher。

Her real name was actually Mary Ludwig Hays.

她真正的名字實際上是Mary Ludwig Hays。

She got the nickname Molly Pitcher for her acts of bravery during the Revolutionary War.

她得到Molly Pitcher這個外號是因為她在革命戰(zhàn)爭(美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭)期間的英勇表現(xiàn)。

As the story goes, when Mary's—or Molly's—husband, John Hays, enlisted in the artillery, Mary followed, like many other wives did.

據(jù)說，當Mary的—或者說 Molly的—丈夫，John Hays，應(yīng)征參加了炮兵，Mary跟隨而去，像很多其他的妻子那樣。

She helped out doing washing and cooking for the soldiers.

她幫忙為士兵洗衣做飯。

She was known to be a pretty unusual woman.

她作為一個相當不尋常的女人為人所知。

She smoked a pipe and chewed tobacco.

她抽煙斗，并且嚼煙草。

Anyway, in the summer of 1778, at the Battle of Monmouth, it was a blistering hot day, maybe over a hundred degrees, and fifty soldiers died of thirst during the battle.

總之，在1778年的夏天，在Monmouth之戰(zhàn)，那是極熱的一天，也許超過了100度，在戰(zhàn)斗期間五十名士兵死于口渴。

Molly wasn't content to stay back at camp.

Molly不滿足于留守在營地。

Instead, she ran through gunshots and cannon fire carrying water in pitchers from a small stream out to the thirsty American soldiers.

相反，她跑著穿過槍林彈雨用水罐從小溪中打水送給口渴的美國士兵。

The relief that she brought with her pitchers of water gave her the legendary nickname Molly Pitcher.

她用她水罐里的水帶來的安慰(的事跡)，給予了她傳奇的綽號Molly Pitcher。

The story also says that she continued to load and fire her husband's cannon after he was wounded.

這個故事還說，她在她丈夫受傷之后繼續(xù)用他的炮裝彈并開火。

They say she was so well liked by the other soldiers that they call her "Sergeant Molly."

據(jù)說她是如此地受到其他士兵的喜歡，以至于他們稱呼她“Molly軍士”

In fact, legend has it that George Washington himself gave her the special military title.

事實上，傳說George Washington親自給予了她這個特殊的軍銜。

托福聽力練習(xí)對照文本

Before I tell you about the interesting discovery related to Tyrannosaurus rex, I need to review something we studied last semester, the difference between what are commonly called cold-blooded and warm-blooded animals.

在我告訴你們和Tyrannosaurus(暴龍/霸王龍)rex(雷克斯霸王龍/雷克斯暴龍)有關(guān)的有趣發(fā)現(xiàn)之前，我需要回顧一下我們上學(xué)期學(xué)過的內(nèi)容，通常被稱作冷血和溫血動物之間的區(qū)別

In warm-blooded animals, birds and mammals, for example, the body temperature normally stays within a narrow range, no matter what the outside temperature is.

在溫血動物中，舉例來說，鳥類和哺乳動物，體溫通常保持在一個小范圍內(nèi)，不管外面溫度是多少。

As a result, a warm-blooded animal is usually active in both cold and hot weather because its body temperature can adjust to the temperature of its environment.

結(jié)果，溫血動物通常在冷熱天氣中都很活躍，因為它的體溫能適應(yīng)它的環(huán)境溫度

On the other hand, cold-blooded animals, such as most reptiles, amphibians, and insects, are unable to create enough heat internally to raise their temperature above the temperature of the environment.

另一方面，冷血動物，比如大多數(shù)的爬行動物，兩棲動物，和昆蟲，不能產(chǎn)生足夠的內(nèi)在的熱量來把它們的溫度提升到環(huán)境溫度之上。

So, for example, the temperature of a cold-blooded animal falls when the environment is cool.

所以，舉例來說，當環(huán)境冷時，冷血動物的體溫會下降。

I hope this distinction is clear. Now, moving on to Tyrannosaurus rex, you may know that dinosaurs, being reptiles, are generally believed to have been cold-blooded.

我希望這種區(qū)別是清晰的。現(xiàn)在，轉(zhuǎn)移到霸王龍rex，你可能知道恐龍，作為爬行動物，通常被認為是冷血的。

Well, a recent research study found that the chemical composition of the bones of Tyrannosaurus rex was consistent with the bones of an animal that has a very narrow range of internal temperature, indicating that it was probably warm-blooded.

好，最近的調(diào)查研究發(fā)現(xiàn)霸王龍 rex的骨頭的化學(xué)組成同內(nèi)部溫度有很小范圍(變化的)動物的骨頭是一致的，表明它可能是溫血的。

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